My husband and I actually just went through our bugout bags the other day, so it's still rather fresh in my mind what all I have at hand. I figured I'd take a moment and let everyone know what I have at a moments notice in my bag.

Small Hiking Pack (much like this one)
Mess kit & Spork
Set of Clothing (Pants, Shirt, Socks, Underwear)
Clothing Accessories (Headwrap/Mask, Ballcap, Work Gloves)
Water Decontamination Tabs
Emergency Water Filtration Straw
Light Weight Sleeping Bag
Compression Sack
Rain Ponchos
Hygiene Items (TP, Toothbrush, Floss, Toothpaste, Bar Soap, Hand Sanitizer, Fem. Products, Vasoline, Lip Balm/Carmex, Comb or Brush, Razor, Q Tips, Hair Ties, & Mirror)
Food Items (4 packs rammen, stock bouillon cubes, spices)
Crush Proof Water Container
Fire Making Items (Fire Starter, Water Proof Matches, Lighter, Vaseline Soaked Cotton or Dryer Lint)
100ft Paracord
Sewing Kit
Duct Tape
Pocket Fishing Kit (line, sinkers, hooks)
Trap Wire
Knife Sharpener
First Aid Kit (including medications & liquid stitch)
Emergency Blanket
Flashlight and Headlamp
Para Bracelet
Snake Bite Kit
Compass
Emergency Tent
MultiTool
Ziplocks
Canopeners
DrysackEmergency Whistle
Glow Sticks
Emergency CERT Guide (including maps of area & military points)
Hunting Knife, Machete, & Sidearm (ammo)
Towelettes

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Now this is all I can remember offhand. There may be a few other odds and ends. Just you get the jist of it.

There are MANY guides out there for bug out bags. Just remember to include the minimal basics that YOU need to survive for as long as possible.